diff --git a/codex/skills/executing-plans/SKILL.md b/codex/skills/executing-plans/SKILL.md
index e67f94c..a591862 100644
--- a/codex/skills/executing-plans/SKILL.md
+++ b/codex/skills/executing-plans/SKILL.md
@@ -65,6 +65,6 @@ After all tasks complete and verified:
 ## Integration
 
 **Required workflow skills:**
-- **superpowers:using-git-worktrees** - REQUIRED: Set up isolated workspace before starting
+- **superpowers:using-git-worktrees** - Ensures isolated workspace (creates one or verifies existing)
 - **superpowers:writing-plans** - Creates the plan this skill executes
 - **superpowers:finishing-a-development-branch** - Complete development after all tasks
diff --git a/codex/skills/finishing-a-development-branch/SKILL.md b/codex/skills/finishing-a-development-branch/SKILL.md
index c308b43..43da0ae 100644
--- a/codex/skills/finishing-a-development-branch/SKILL.md
+++ b/codex/skills/finishing-a-development-branch/SKILL.md
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ description: Use when implementation is complete, all tests pass, and you need t
 
 Guide completion of development work by presenting clear options and handling chosen workflow.
 
-**Core principle:** Verify tests → Present options → Execute choice → Clean up.
+**Core principle:** Verify tests → Detect environment → Present options → Execute choice → Clean up.
 
 **Announce at start:** "I'm using the finishing-a-development-branch skill to complete this work."
 
@@ -37,7 +37,24 @@ Stop. Don't proceed to Step 2.
 
 **If tests pass:** Continue to Step 2.
 
-### Step 2: Determine Base Branch
+### Step 2: Detect Environment
+
+**Determine workspace state before presenting options:**
+
+```bash
+GIT_DIR=$(cd "$(git rev-parse --git-dir)" 2>/dev/null && pwd -P)
+GIT_COMMON=$(cd "$(git rev-parse --git-common-dir)" 2>/dev/null && pwd -P)
+```
+
+This determines which menu to show and how cleanup works:
+
+| State | Menu | Cleanup |
+|-------|------|---------|
+| `GIT_DIR == GIT_COMMON` (normal repo) | Standard 4 options | No worktree to clean up |
+| `GIT_DIR != GIT_COMMON`, named branch | Standard 4 options | Provenance-based (see Step 6) |
+| `GIT_DIR != GIT_COMMON`, detached HEAD | Reduced 3 options (no merge) | No cleanup (externally managed) |
+
+### Step 3: Determine Base Branch
 
 ```bash
 # Try common base branches
@@ -46,9 +63,9 @@ git merge-base HEAD main 2>/dev/null || git merge-base HEAD master 2>/dev/null
 
 Or ask: "This branch split from main - is that correct?"
 
-### Step 3: Present Options
+### Step 4: Present Options
 
-Present exactly these 4 options:
+**Normal repo and named-branch worktree — present exactly these 4 options:**
 
 ```
 Implementation complete. What would you like to do?
@@ -61,30 +78,45 @@ Implementation complete. What would you like to do?
 Which option?
 ```
 
+**Detached HEAD — present exactly these 3 options:**
+
+```
+Implementation complete. You're on a detached HEAD (externally managed workspace).
+
+1. Push as new branch and create a Pull Request
+2. Keep as-is (I'll handle it later)
+3. Discard this work
+
+Which option?
+```
+
 **Don't add explanation** - keep options concise.
 
-### Step 4: Execute Choice
+### Step 5: Execute Choice
 
 #### Option 1: Merge Locally
 
 ```bash
-# Switch to base branch
+# Get main repo root for CWD safety
+MAIN_ROOT=$(git -C "$(git rev-parse --git-common-dir)/.." rev-parse --show-toplevel)
+cd "$MAIN_ROOT"
+
+# Merge first — verify success before removing anything
 git checkout <base-branch>
-
-# Pull latest
 git pull
-
-# Merge feature branch
 git merge <feature-branch>
 
 # Verify tests on merged result
 <test command>
 
-# If tests pass
-git branch -d <feature-branch>
+# Only after merge succeeds: cleanup worktree (Step 6), then delete branch
 ```
 
-Then: Cleanup worktree (Step 5)
+Then: Cleanup worktree (Step 6), then delete branch:
+
+```bash
+git branch -d <feature-branch>
+```
 
 #### Option 2: Push and Create PR
 
@@ -103,7 +135,7 @@ EOF
 )"
 ```
 
-Then: Cleanup worktree (Step 5)
+**Do NOT clean up worktree** — user needs it alive to iterate on PR feedback.
 
 #### Option 3: Keep As-Is
 
@@ -127,36 +159,46 @@ Wait for exact confirmation.
 
 If confirmed:
 ```bash
-git checkout <base-branch>
+MAIN_ROOT=$(git -C "$(git rev-parse --git-common-dir)/.." rev-parse --show-toplevel)
+cd "$MAIN_ROOT"
+```
+
+Then: Cleanup worktree (Step 6), then force-delete branch:
+```bash
 git branch -D <feature-branch>
 ```
 
-Then: Cleanup worktree (Step 5)
+### Step 6: Cleanup Workspace
 
-### Step 5: Cleanup Worktree
+**Only runs for Options 1 and 4.** Options 2 and 3 always preserve the worktree.
 
-**For Options 1, 2, 4:**
-
-Check if in worktree:
 ```bash
-git worktree list | grep $(git branch --show-current)
+GIT_DIR=$(cd "$(git rev-parse --git-dir)" 2>/dev/null && pwd -P)
+GIT_COMMON=$(cd "$(git rev-parse --git-common-dir)" 2>/dev/null && pwd -P)
+WORKTREE_PATH=$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)
 ```
 
-If yes:
+**If `GIT_DIR == GIT_COMMON`:** Normal repo, no worktree to clean up. Done.
+
+**If worktree path is under `.worktrees/`, `worktrees/`, or `~/.config/superpowers/worktrees/`:** Superpowers created this worktree — we own cleanup.
+
 ```bash
-git worktree remove <worktree-path>
+MAIN_ROOT=$(git -C "$(git rev-parse --git-common-dir)/.." rev-parse --show-toplevel)
+cd "$MAIN_ROOT"
+git worktree remove "$WORKTREE_PATH"
+git worktree prune  # Self-healing: clean up any stale registrations
 ```
 
-**For Option 3:** Keep worktree.
+**Otherwise:** The host environment (harness) owns this workspace. Do NOT remove it. If your platform provides a workspace-exit tool, use it. Otherwise, leave the workspace in place.
 
 ## Quick Reference
 
 | Option | Merge | Push | Keep Worktree | Cleanup Branch |
 |--------|-------|------|---------------|----------------|
-| 1. Merge locally | ✓ | - | - | ✓ |
-| 2. Create PR | - | ✓ | ✓ | - |
-| 3. Keep as-is | - | - | ✓ | - |
-| 4. Discard | - | - | - | ✓ (force) |
+| 1. Merge locally | yes | - | - | yes |
+| 2. Create PR | - | yes | yes | - |
+| 3. Keep as-is | - | - | yes | - |
+| 4. Discard | - | - | - | yes (force) |
 
 ## Common Mistakes
 
@@ -165,13 +207,25 @@ git worktree remove <worktree-path>
 - **Fix:** Always verify tests before offering options
 
 **Open-ended questions**
-- **Problem:** "What should I do next?" → ambiguous
-- **Fix:** Present exactly 4 structured options
+- **Problem:** "What should I do next?" is ambiguous
+- **Fix:** Present exactly 4 structured options (or 3 for detached HEAD)
 
-**Automatic worktree cleanup**
-- **Problem:** Remove worktree when might need it (Option 2, 3)
+**Cleaning up worktree for Option 2**
+- **Problem:** Remove worktree user needs for PR iteration
 - **Fix:** Only cleanup for Options 1 and 4
 
+**Deleting branch before removing worktree**
+- **Problem:** `git branch -d` fails because worktree still references the branch
+- **Fix:** Merge first, remove worktree, then delete branch
+
+**Running git worktree remove from inside the worktree**
+- **Problem:** Command fails silently when CWD is inside the worktree being removed
+- **Fix:** Always `cd` to main repo root before `git worktree remove`
+
+**Cleaning up harness-owned worktrees**
+- **Problem:** Removing a worktree the harness created causes phantom state
+- **Fix:** Only clean up worktrees under `.worktrees/`, `worktrees/`, or `~/.config/superpowers/worktrees/`
+
 **No confirmation for discard**
 - **Problem:** Accidentally delete work
 - **Fix:** Require typed "discard" confirmation
@@ -183,18 +237,15 @@ git worktree remove <worktree-path>
 - Merge without verifying tests on result
 - Delete work without confirmation
 - Force-push without explicit request
+- Remove a worktree before confirming merge success
+- Clean up worktrees you didn't create (provenance check)
+- Run `git worktree remove` from inside the worktree
 
 **Always:**
 - Verify tests before offering options
-- Present exactly 4 options
+- Detect environment before presenting menu
+- Present exactly 4 options (or 3 for detached HEAD)
 - Get typed confirmation for Option 4
 - Clean up worktree for Options 1 & 4 only
-
-## Integration
-
-**Called by:**
-- **subagent-driven-development** (Step 7) - After all tasks complete
-- **executing-plans** (Step 5) - After all batches complete
-
-**Pairs with:**
-- **using-git-worktrees** - Cleans up worktree created by that skill
+- `cd` to main repo root before worktree removal
+- Run `git worktree prune` after removal
diff --git a/codex/skills/requesting-code-review/SKILL.md b/codex/skills/requesting-code-review/SKILL.md
index fe7c8d9..34b8340 100644
--- a/codex/skills/requesting-code-review/SKILL.md
+++ b/codex/skills/requesting-code-review/SKILL.md
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ description: Use when completing tasks, implementing major features, or before m
 
 # Requesting Code Review
 
-Dispatch superpowers:code-reviewer subagent to catch issues before they cascade. The reviewer gets precisely crafted context for evaluation — never your session's history. This keeps the reviewer focused on the work product, not your thought process, and preserves your own context for continued work.
+Dispatch a code reviewer subagent to catch issues before they cascade. The reviewer gets precisely crafted context for evaluation — never your session's history. This keeps the reviewer focused on the work product, not your thought process, and preserves your own context for continued work.
 
 **Core principle:** Review early, review often.
 
@@ -29,16 +29,15 @@ BASE_SHA=$(git rev-parse HEAD~1)  # or origin/main
 HEAD_SHA=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
 ```
 
-**2. Dispatch code-reviewer subagent:**
+**2. Dispatch code reviewer subagent:**
 
-Use Task tool with superpowers:code-reviewer type, fill template at `code-reviewer.md`
+Use Task tool with `general-purpose` type, fill template at `code-reviewer.md`
 
 **Placeholders:**
-- `{WHAT_WAS_IMPLEMENTED}` - What you just built
+- `{DESCRIPTION}` - Brief summary of what you built
 - `{PLAN_OR_REQUIREMENTS}` - What it should do
 - `{BASE_SHA}` - Starting commit
 - `{HEAD_SHA}` - Ending commit
-- `{DESCRIPTION}` - Brief summary
 
 **3. Act on feedback:**
 - Fix Critical issues immediately
@@ -56,12 +55,11 @@ You: Let me request code review before proceeding.
 BASE_SHA=$(git log --oneline | grep "Task 1" | head -1 | awk '{print $1}')
 HEAD_SHA=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
 
-[Dispatch superpowers:code-reviewer subagent]
-  WHAT_WAS_IMPLEMENTED: Verification and repair functions for conversation index
+[Dispatch code reviewer subagent]
+  DESCRIPTION: Added verifyIndex() and repairIndex() with 4 issue types
   PLAN_OR_REQUIREMENTS: Task 2 from docs/superpowers/plans/deployment-plan.md
   BASE_SHA: a7981ec
   HEAD_SHA: 3df7661
-  DESCRIPTION: Added verifyIndex() and repairIndex() with 4 issue types
 
 [Subagent returns]:
   Strengths: Clean architecture, real tests
@@ -82,7 +80,7 @@ You: [Fix progress indicators]
 - Fix before moving to next task
 
 **Executing Plans:**
-- Review after each batch (3 tasks)
+- Review after each task or at natural checkpoints
 - Get feedback, apply, continue
 
 **Ad-Hoc Development:**
diff --git a/codex/skills/requesting-code-review/code-reviewer.md b/codex/skills/requesting-code-review/code-reviewer.md
index 3c427c9..525e4b4 100644
--- a/codex/skills/requesting-code-review/code-reviewer.md
+++ b/codex/skills/requesting-code-review/code-reviewer.md
@@ -1,111 +1,133 @@
-# Code Review Agent
+# Code Reviewer Prompt Template
 
-You are reviewing code changes for production readiness.
+Use this template when dispatching a code reviewer subagent.
 
-**Your task:**
-1. Review {WHAT_WAS_IMPLEMENTED}
-2. Compare against {PLAN_OR_REQUIREMENTS}
-3. Check code quality, architecture, testing
-4. Categorize issues by severity
-5. Assess production readiness
+**Purpose:** Review completed work against requirements and code quality standards before it cascades into more work.
 
-## What Was Implemented
+```
+Task tool (general-purpose):
+  description: "Review code changes"
+  prompt: |
+    You are a Senior Code Reviewer with expertise in software architecture,
+    design patterns, and best practices. Your job is to review completed work
+    against its plan or requirements and identify issues before they cascade.
 
-{DESCRIPTION}
+    ## What Was Implemented
 
-## Requirements/Plan
+    {DESCRIPTION}
 
-{PLAN_REFERENCE}
+    ## Requirements / Plan
 
-## Git Range to Review
+    {PLAN_OR_REQUIREMENTS}
 
-**Base:** {BASE_SHA}
-**Head:** {HEAD_SHA}
+    ## Git Range to Review
 
-```bash
-git diff --stat {BASE_SHA}..{HEAD_SHA}
-git diff {BASE_SHA}..{HEAD_SHA}
+    **Base:** {BASE_SHA}
+    **Head:** {HEAD_SHA}
+
+    ```bash
+    git diff --stat {BASE_SHA}..{HEAD_SHA}
+    git diff {BASE_SHA}..{HEAD_SHA}
+    ```
+
+    ## What to Check
+
+    **Plan alignment:**
+    - Does the implementation match the plan / requirements?
+    - Are deviations justified improvements, or problematic departures?
+    - Is all planned functionality present?
+
+    **Code quality:**
+    - Clean separation of concerns?
+    - Proper error handling?
+    - Type safety where applicable?
+    - DRY without premature abstraction?
+    - Edge cases handled?
+
+    **Architecture:**
+    - Sound design decisions?
+    - Reasonable scalability and performance?
+    - Security concerns?
+    - Integrates cleanly with surrounding code?
+
+    **Testing:**
+    - Tests verify real behavior, not mocks?
+    - Edge cases covered?
+    - Integration tests where they matter?
+    - All tests passing?
+
+    **Production readiness:**
+    - Migration strategy if schema changed?
+    - Backward compatibility considered?
+    - Documentation complete?
+    - No obvious bugs?
+
+    ## Calibration
+
+    Categorize issues by actual severity. Not everything is Critical.
+    Acknowledge what was done well before listing issues — accurate praise
+    helps the implementer trust the rest of the feedback.
+
+    If you find significant deviations from the plan, flag them specifically
+    so the implementer can confirm whether the deviation was intentional.
+    If you find issues with the plan itself rather than the implementation,
+    say so.
+
+    ## Output Format
+
+    ### Strengths
+    [What's well done? Be specific.]
+
+    ### Issues
+
+    #### Critical (Must Fix)
+    [Bugs, security issues, data loss risks, broken functionality]
+
+    #### Important (Should Fix)
+    [Architecture problems, missing features, poor error handling, test gaps]
+
+    #### Minor (Nice to Have)
+    [Code style, optimization opportunities, documentation polish]
+
+    For each issue:
+    - File:line reference
+    - What's wrong
+    - Why it matters
+    - How to fix (if not obvious)
+
+    ### Recommendations
+    [Improvements for code quality, architecture, or process]
+
+    ### Assessment
+
+    **Ready to merge?** [Yes | No | With fixes]
+
+    **Reasoning:** [1-2 sentence technical assessment]
+
+    ## Critical Rules
+
+    **DO:**
+    - Categorize by actual severity
+    - Be specific (file:line, not vague)
+    - Explain WHY each issue matters
+    - Acknowledge strengths
+    - Give a clear verdict
+
+    **DON'T:**
+    - Say "looks good" without checking
+    - Mark nitpicks as Critical
+    - Give feedback on code you didn't actually read
+    - Be vague ("improve error handling")
+    - Avoid giving a clear verdict
 ```
 
-## Review Checklist
+**Placeholders:**
+- `{DESCRIPTION}` — brief summary of what was built
+- `{PLAN_OR_REQUIREMENTS}` — what it should do (plan file path, task text, or requirements)
+- `{BASE_SHA}` — starting commit
+- `{HEAD_SHA}` — ending commit
 
-**Code Quality:**
-- Clean separation of concerns?
-- Proper error handling?
-- Type safety (if applicable)?
-- DRY principle followed?
-- Edge cases handled?
-
-**Architecture:**
-- Sound design decisions?
-- Scalability considerations?
-- Performance implications?
-- Security concerns?
-
-**Testing:**
-- Tests actually test logic (not mocks)?
-- Edge cases covered?
-- Integration tests where needed?
-- All tests passing?
-
-**Requirements:**
-- All plan requirements met?
-- Implementation matches spec?
-- No scope creep?
-- Breaking changes documented?
-
-**Production Readiness:**
-- Migration strategy (if schema changes)?
-- Backward compatibility considered?
-- Documentation complete?
-- No obvious bugs?
-
-## Output Format
-
-### Strengths
-[What's well done? Be specific.]
-
-### Issues
-
-#### Critical (Must Fix)
-[Bugs, security issues, data loss risks, broken functionality]
-
-#### Important (Should Fix)
-[Architecture problems, missing features, poor error handling, test gaps]
-
-#### Minor (Nice to Have)
-[Code style, optimization opportunities, documentation improvements]
-
-**For each issue:**
-- File:line reference
-- What's wrong
-- Why it matters
-- How to fix (if not obvious)
-
-### Recommendations
-[Improvements for code quality, architecture, or process]
-
-### Assessment
-
-**Ready to merge?** [Yes/No/With fixes]
-
-**Reasoning:** [Technical assessment in 1-2 sentences]
-
-## Critical Rules
-
-**DO:**
-- Categorize by actual severity (not everything is Critical)
-- Be specific (file:line, not vague)
-- Explain WHY issues matter
-- Acknowledge strengths
-- Give clear verdict
-
-**DON'T:**
-- Say "looks good" without checking
-- Mark nitpicks as Critical
-- Give feedback on code you didn't review
-- Be vague ("improve error handling")
-- Avoid giving a clear verdict
+**Reviewer returns:** Strengths, Issues (Critical / Important / Minor), Recommendations, Assessment
 
 ## Example Output
 
diff --git a/codex/skills/subagent-driven-development/SKILL.md b/codex/skills/subagent-driven-development/SKILL.md
index 5150b18..ea7ac8f 100644
--- a/codex/skills/subagent-driven-development/SKILL.md
+++ b/codex/skills/subagent-driven-development/SKILL.md
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ Execute plan by dispatching fresh subagent per task, with two-stage review after
 
 **Core principle:** Fresh subagent per task + two-stage review (spec then quality) = high quality, fast iteration
 
+**Continuous execution:** Do not pause to check in with your human partner between tasks. Execute all tasks from the plan without stopping. The only reasons to stop are: BLOCKED status you cannot resolve, ambiguity that genuinely prevents progress, or all tasks complete. "Should I continue?" prompts and progress summaries waste their time — they asked you to execute the plan, so execute it.
+
 ## When to Use
 
 ```dot
@@ -265,7 +267,7 @@ Done!
 ## Integration
 
 **Required workflow skills:**
-- **superpowers:using-git-worktrees** - REQUIRED: Set up isolated workspace before starting
+- **superpowers:using-git-worktrees** - Ensures isolated workspace (creates one or verifies existing)
 - **superpowers:writing-plans** - Creates the plan this skill executes
 - **superpowers:requesting-code-review** - Code review template for reviewer subagents
 - **superpowers:finishing-a-development-branch** - Complete development after all tasks
diff --git a/codex/skills/subagent-driven-development/code-quality-reviewer-prompt.md b/codex/skills/subagent-driven-development/code-quality-reviewer-prompt.md
index a04201a..51f901a 100644
--- a/codex/skills/subagent-driven-development/code-quality-reviewer-prompt.md
+++ b/codex/skills/subagent-driven-development/code-quality-reviewer-prompt.md
@@ -7,14 +7,13 @@ Use this template when dispatching a code quality reviewer subagent.
 **Only dispatch after spec compliance review passes.**
 
 ```
-Task tool (superpowers:code-reviewer):
+Task tool (general-purpose):
   Use template at requesting-code-review/code-reviewer.md
 
-  WHAT_WAS_IMPLEMENTED: [from implementer's report]
+  DESCRIPTION: [task summary, from implementer's report]
   PLAN_OR_REQUIREMENTS: Task N from [plan-file]
   BASE_SHA: [commit before task]
   HEAD_SHA: [current commit]
-  DESCRIPTION: [task summary]
 ```
 
 **In addition to standard code quality concerns, the reviewer should check:**
diff --git a/codex/skills/systematic-debugging/CREATION-LOG.md b/codex/skills/systematic-debugging/CREATION-LOG.md
index 024d00a..9aa0309 100644
--- a/codex/skills/systematic-debugging/CREATION-LOG.md
+++ b/codex/skills/systematic-debugging/CREATION-LOG.md
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Reference example of extracting, structuring, and bulletproofing a critical skil
 
 ## Source Material
 
-Extracted debugging framework from `/Users/jesse/.claude/CLAUDE.md`:
+Extracted debugging framework from `~/.claude/CLAUDE.md`:
 - 4-phase systematic process (Investigation → Pattern Analysis → Hypothesis → Implementation)
 - Core mandate: ALWAYS find root cause, NEVER fix symptoms
 - Rules designed to resist time pressure and rationalization
diff --git a/codex/skills/systematic-debugging/root-cause-tracing.md b/codex/skills/systematic-debugging/root-cause-tracing.md
index 9484774..12ef522 100644
--- a/codex/skills/systematic-debugging/root-cause-tracing.md
+++ b/codex/skills/systematic-debugging/root-cause-tracing.md
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ digraph when_to_use {
 
 ### 1. Observe the Symptom
 ```
-Error: git init failed in /Users/jesse/project/packages/core
+Error: git init failed in ~/project/packages/core
 ```
 
 ### 2. Find Immediate Cause
diff --git a/codex/skills/using-git-worktrees/SKILL.md b/codex/skills/using-git-worktrees/SKILL.md
index e153843..134d371 100644
--- a/codex/skills/using-git-worktrees/SKILL.md
+++ b/codex/skills/using-git-worktrees/SKILL.md
@@ -1,104 +1,117 @@
 ---
 name: using-git-worktrees
-description: Use when starting feature work that needs isolation from current workspace or before executing implementation plans - creates isolated git worktrees with smart directory selection and safety verification
+description: Use when starting feature work that needs isolation from current workspace or before executing implementation plans - ensures an isolated workspace exists via native tools or git worktree fallback
 ---
 
 # Using Git Worktrees
 
 ## Overview
 
-Git worktrees create isolated workspaces sharing the same repository, allowing work on multiple branches simultaneously without switching.
+Ensure work happens in an isolated workspace. Prefer your platform's native worktree tools. Fall back to manual git worktrees only when no native tool is available.
 
-**Core principle:** Systematic directory selection + safety verification = reliable isolation.
+**Core principle:** Detect existing isolation first. Then use native tools. Then fall back to git. Never fight the harness.
 
 **Announce at start:** "I'm using the using-git-worktrees skill to set up an isolated workspace."
 
-## Directory Selection Process
+## Step 0: Detect Existing Isolation
 
-Follow this priority order:
-
-### 1. Check Existing Directories
+**Before creating anything, check if you are already in an isolated workspace.**
 
 ```bash
-# Check in priority order
-ls -d .worktrees 2>/dev/null     # Preferred (hidden)
-ls -d worktrees 2>/dev/null      # Alternative
+GIT_DIR=$(cd "$(git rev-parse --git-dir)" 2>/dev/null && pwd -P)
+GIT_COMMON=$(cd "$(git rev-parse --git-common-dir)" 2>/dev/null && pwd -P)
+BRANCH=$(git branch --show-current)
 ```
 
-**If found:** Use that directory. If both exist, `.worktrees` wins.
-
-### 2. Check CLAUDE.md
+**Submodule guard:** `GIT_DIR != GIT_COMMON` is also true inside git submodules. Before concluding "already in a worktree," verify you are not in a submodule:
 
 ```bash
-grep -i "worktree.*director" CLAUDE.md 2>/dev/null
+# If this returns a path, you're in a submodule, not a worktree — treat as normal repo
+git rev-parse --show-superproject-working-tree 2>/dev/null
 ```
 
-**If preference specified:** Use it without asking.
+**If `GIT_DIR != GIT_COMMON` (and not a submodule):** You are already in a linked worktree. Skip to Step 3 (Project Setup). Do NOT create another worktree.
 
-### 3. Ask User
+Report with branch state:
+- On a branch: "Already in isolated workspace at `<path>` on branch `<name>`."
+- Detached HEAD: "Already in isolated workspace at `<path>` (detached HEAD, externally managed). Branch creation needed at finish time."
 
-If no directory exists and no CLAUDE.md preference:
+**If `GIT_DIR == GIT_COMMON` (or in a submodule):** You are in a normal repo checkout.
 
-```
-No worktree directory found. Where should I create worktrees?
+Has the user already indicated their worktree preference in your instructions? If not, ask for consent before creating a worktree:
 
-1. .worktrees/ (project-local, hidden)
-2. ~/.config/superpowers/worktrees/<project-name>/ (global location)
+> "Would you like me to set up an isolated worktree? It protects your current branch from changes."
 
-Which would you prefer?
-```
+Honor any existing declared preference without asking. If the user declines consent, work in place and skip to Step 3.
 
-## Safety Verification
+## Step 1: Create Isolated Workspace
 
-### For Project-Local Directories (.worktrees or worktrees)
+**You have two mechanisms. Try them in this order.**
+
+### 1a. Native Worktree Tools (preferred)
+
+The user has asked for an isolated workspace (Step 0 consent). Do you already have a way to create a worktree? It might be a tool with a name like `EnterWorktree`, `WorktreeCreate`, a `/worktree` command, or a `--worktree` flag. If you do, use it and skip to Step 3.
+
+Native tools handle directory placement, branch creation, and cleanup automatically. Using `git worktree add` when you have a native tool creates phantom state your harness can't see or manage.
+
+Only proceed to Step 1b if you have no native worktree tool available.
+
+### 1b. Git Worktree Fallback
+
+**Only use this if Step 1a does not apply** — you have no native worktree tool available. Create a worktree manually using git.
+
+#### Directory Selection
+
+Follow this priority order. Explicit user preference always beats observed filesystem state.
+
+1. **Check your instructions for a declared worktree directory preference.** If the user has already specified one, use it without asking.
+
+2. **Check for an existing project-local worktree directory:**
+   ```bash
+   ls -d .worktrees 2>/dev/null     # Preferred (hidden)
+   ls -d worktrees 2>/dev/null      # Alternative
+   ```
+   If found, use it. If both exist, `.worktrees` wins.
+
+3. **Check for an existing global directory:**
+   ```bash
+   project=$(basename "$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)")
+   ls -d ~/.config/superpowers/worktrees/$project 2>/dev/null
+   ```
+   If found, use it (backward compatibility with legacy global path).
+
+4. **If there is no other guidance available**, default to `.worktrees/` at the project root.
+
+#### Safety Verification (project-local directories only)
 
 **MUST verify directory is ignored before creating worktree:**
 
 ```bash
-# Check if directory is ignored (respects local, global, and system gitignore)
 git check-ignore -q .worktrees 2>/dev/null || git check-ignore -q worktrees 2>/dev/null
 ```
 
-**If NOT ignored:**
-
-Per Jesse's rule "Fix broken things immediately":
-1. Add appropriate line to .gitignore
-2. Commit the change
-3. Proceed with worktree creation
+**If NOT ignored:** Add to .gitignore, commit the change, then proceed.
 
 **Why critical:** Prevents accidentally committing worktree contents to repository.
 
-### For Global Directory (~/.config/superpowers/worktrees)
+Global directories (`~/.config/superpowers/worktrees/`) need no verification.
 
-No .gitignore verification needed - outside project entirely.
-
-## Creation Steps
-
-### 1. Detect Project Name
+#### Create the Worktree
 
 ```bash
 project=$(basename "$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)")
-```
 
-### 2. Create Worktree
+# Determine path based on chosen location
+# For project-local: path="$LOCATION/$BRANCH_NAME"
+# For global: path="~/.config/superpowers/worktrees/$project/$BRANCH_NAME"
 
-```bash
-# Determine full path
-case $LOCATION in
-  .worktrees|worktrees)
-    path="$LOCATION/$BRANCH_NAME"
-    ;;
-  ~/.config/superpowers/worktrees/*)
-    path="~/.config/superpowers/worktrees/$project/$BRANCH_NAME"
-    ;;
-esac
-
-# Create worktree with new branch
 git worktree add "$path" -b "$BRANCH_NAME"
 cd "$path"
 ```
 
-### 3. Run Project Setup
+**Sandbox fallback:** If `git worktree add` fails with a permission error (sandbox denial), tell the user the sandbox blocked worktree creation and you're working in the current directory instead. Then run setup and baseline tests in place.
+
+## Step 3: Project Setup
 
 Auto-detect and run appropriate setup:
 
@@ -117,23 +130,20 @@ if [ -f pyproject.toml ]; then poetry install; fi
 if [ -f go.mod ]; then go mod download; fi
 ```
 
-### 4. Verify Clean Baseline
+## Step 4: Verify Clean Baseline
 
-Run tests to ensure worktree starts clean:
+Run tests to ensure workspace starts clean:
 
 ```bash
-# Examples - use project-appropriate command
-npm test
-cargo test
-pytest
-go test ./...
+# Use project-appropriate command
+npm test / cargo test / pytest / go test ./...
 ```
 
 **If tests fail:** Report failures, ask whether to proceed or investigate.
 
 **If tests pass:** Report ready.
 
-### 5. Report Location
+### Report
 
 ```
 Worktree ready at <full-path>
@@ -145,16 +155,32 @@ Ready to implement <feature-name>
 
 | Situation | Action |
 |-----------|--------|
+| Already in linked worktree | Skip creation (Step 0) |
+| In a submodule | Treat as normal repo (Step 0 guard) |
+| Native worktree tool available | Use it (Step 1a) |
+| No native tool | Git worktree fallback (Step 1b) |
 | `.worktrees/` exists | Use it (verify ignored) |
 | `worktrees/` exists | Use it (verify ignored) |
 | Both exist | Use `.worktrees/` |
-| Neither exists | Check CLAUDE.md → Ask user |
+| Neither exists | Check instruction file, then default `.worktrees/` |
+| Global path exists | Use it (backward compat) |
 | Directory not ignored | Add to .gitignore + commit |
+| Permission error on create | Sandbox fallback, work in place |
 | Tests fail during baseline | Report failures + ask |
 | No package.json/Cargo.toml | Skip dependency install |
 
 ## Common Mistakes
 
+### Fighting the harness
+
+- **Problem:** Using `git worktree add` when the platform already provides isolation
+- **Fix:** Step 0 detects existing isolation. Step 1a defers to native tools.
+
+### Skipping detection
+
+- **Problem:** Creating a nested worktree inside an existing one
+- **Fix:** Always run Step 0 before creating anything
+
 ### Skipping ignore verification
 
 - **Problem:** Worktree contents get tracked, pollute git status
@@ -163,56 +189,27 @@ Ready to implement <feature-name>
 ### Assuming directory location
 
 - **Problem:** Creates inconsistency, violates project conventions
-- **Fix:** Follow priority: existing > CLAUDE.md > ask
+- **Fix:** Follow priority: existing > global legacy > instruction file > default
 
 ### Proceeding with failing tests
 
 - **Problem:** Can't distinguish new bugs from pre-existing issues
 - **Fix:** Report failures, get explicit permission to proceed
 
-### Hardcoding setup commands
-
-- **Problem:** Breaks on projects using different tools
-- **Fix:** Auto-detect from project files (package.json, etc.)
-
-## Example Workflow
-
-```
-You: I'm using the using-git-worktrees skill to set up an isolated workspace.
-
-[Check .worktrees/ - exists]
-[Verify ignored - git check-ignore confirms .worktrees/ is ignored]
-[Create worktree: git worktree add .worktrees/auth -b feature/auth]
-[Run npm install]
-[Run npm test - 47 passing]
-
-Worktree ready at /Users/jesse/myproject/.worktrees/auth
-Tests passing (47 tests, 0 failures)
-Ready to implement auth feature
-```
-
 ## Red Flags
 
 **Never:**
+- Create a worktree when Step 0 detects existing isolation
+- Use `git worktree add` when you have a native worktree tool (e.g., `EnterWorktree`). This is the #1 mistake — if you have it, use it.
+- Skip Step 1a by jumping straight to Step 1b's git commands
 - Create worktree without verifying it's ignored (project-local)
 - Skip baseline test verification
 - Proceed with failing tests without asking
-- Assume directory location when ambiguous
-- Skip CLAUDE.md check
 
 **Always:**
-- Follow directory priority: existing > CLAUDE.md > ask
+- Run Step 0 detection first
+- Prefer native tools over git fallback
+- Follow directory priority: existing > global legacy > instruction file > default
 - Verify directory is ignored for project-local
 - Auto-detect and run project setup
 - Verify clean test baseline
-
-## Integration
-
-**Called by:**
-- **brainstorming** (Phase 4) - REQUIRED when design is approved and implementation follows
-- **subagent-driven-development** - REQUIRED before executing any tasks
-- **executing-plans** - REQUIRED before executing any tasks
-- Any skill needing isolated workspace
-
-**Pairs with:**
-- **finishing-a-development-branch** - REQUIRED for cleanup after work complete
diff --git a/codex/skills/using-superpowers/references/codex-tools.md b/codex/skills/using-superpowers/references/codex-tools.md
index 539b2b1..f50d40d 100644
--- a/codex/skills/using-superpowers/references/codex-tools.md
+++ b/codex/skills/using-superpowers/references/codex-tools.md
@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ Skills use Claude Code tool names. When you encounter these in a skill, use your
 
 | Skill references | Codex equivalent |
 |-----------------|------------------|
-| `Task` tool (dispatch subagent) | `spawn_agent` (see [Named agent dispatch](#named-agent-dispatch)) |
+| `Task` tool (dispatch subagent) | `spawn_agent` (see [Subagent dispatch requires multi-agent support](#subagent-dispatch-requires-multi-agent-support)) |
 | Multiple `Task` calls (parallel) | Multiple `spawn_agent` calls |
-| Task returns result | `wait` |
+| Task returns result | `wait_agent` |
 | Task completes automatically | `close_agent` to free slot |
 | `TodoWrite` (task tracking) | `update_plan` |
 | `Skill` tool (invoke a skill) | Skills load natively — just follow the instructions |
@@ -22,53 +22,12 @@ Add to your Codex config (`~/.codex/config.toml`):
 multi_agent = true
 ```
 
-This enables `spawn_agent`, `wait`, and `close_agent` for skills like `dispatching-parallel-agents` and `subagent-driven-development`.
+This enables `spawn_agent`, `wait_agent`, and `close_agent` for skills like `dispatching-parallel-agents` and `subagent-driven-development`.
 
-## Named agent dispatch
-
-Claude Code skills reference named agent types like `superpowers:code-reviewer`.
-Codex does not have a named agent registry — `spawn_agent` creates generic agents
-from built-in roles (`default`, `explorer`, `worker`).
-
-When a skill says to dispatch a named agent type:
-
-1. Find the agent's prompt file (e.g., `agents/code-reviewer.md` or the skill's
-   local prompt template like `code-quality-reviewer-prompt.md`)
-2. Read the prompt content
-3. Fill any template placeholders (`{BASE_SHA}`, `{WHAT_WAS_IMPLEMENTED}`, etc.)
-4. Spawn a `worker` agent with the filled content as the `message`
-
-| Skill instruction | Codex equivalent |
-|-------------------|------------------|
-| `Task tool (superpowers:code-reviewer)` | `spawn_agent(agent_type="worker", message=...)` with `code-reviewer.md` content |
-| `Task tool (general-purpose)` with inline prompt | `spawn_agent(message=...)` with the same prompt |
-
-### Message framing
-
-The `message` parameter is user-level input, not a system prompt. Structure it
-for maximum instruction adherence:
-
-```
-Your task is to perform the following. Follow the instructions below exactly.
-
-<agent-instructions>
-[filled prompt content from the agent's .md file]
-</agent-instructions>
-
-Execute this now. Output ONLY the structured response following the format
-specified in the instructions above.
-```
-
-- Use task-delegation framing ("Your task is...") rather than persona framing ("You are...")
-- Wrap instructions in XML tags — the model treats tagged blocks as authoritative
-- End with an explicit execution directive to prevent summarization of the instructions
-
-### When this workaround can be removed
-
-This approach compensates for Codex's plugin system not yet supporting an `agents`
-field in `plugin.json`. When `RawPluginManifest` gains an `agents` field, the
-plugin can symlink to `agents/` (mirroring the existing `skills/` symlink) and
-skills can dispatch named agent types directly.
+Legacy note: Codex builds before `rust-v0.115.0` exposed spawned-agent
+waiting as `wait`. Current Codex uses `wait_agent` for spawned agents. The
+`wait` name now belongs to code-mode `exec/wait`, which resumes a yielded exec
+cell by `cell_id`; it is not the spawned-agent result tool.
 
 ## Environment Detection
 
diff --git a/codex/skills/using-superpowers/references/copilot-tools.md b/codex/skills/using-superpowers/references/copilot-tools.md
index 4316cdb..ae3cf5a 100644
--- a/codex/skills/using-superpowers/references/copilot-tools.md
+++ b/codex/skills/using-superpowers/references/copilot-tools.md
@@ -12,23 +12,13 @@ Skills use Claude Code tool names. When you encounter these in a skill, use your
 | `Glob` (search files by name) | `glob` |
 | `Skill` tool (invoke a skill) | `skill` |
 | `WebFetch` | `web_fetch` |
-| `Task` tool (dispatch subagent) | `task` (see [Agent types](#agent-types)) |
+| `Task` tool (dispatch subagent) | `task` with `agent_type: "general-purpose"` or `"explore"` |
 | Multiple `Task` calls (parallel) | Multiple `task` calls |
 | Task status/output | `read_agent`, `list_agents` |
 | `TodoWrite` (task tracking) | `sql` with built-in `todos` table |
 | `WebSearch` | No equivalent — use `web_fetch` with a search engine URL |
 | `EnterPlanMode` / `ExitPlanMode` | No equivalent — stay in the main session |
 
-## Agent types
-
-Copilot CLI's `task` tool accepts an `agent_type` parameter:
-
-| Claude Code agent | Copilot CLI equivalent |
-|-------------------|----------------------|
-| `general-purpose` | `"general-purpose"` |
-| `Explore` | `"explore"` |
-| Named plugin agents (e.g. `superpowers:code-reviewer`) | Discovered automatically from installed plugins |
-
 ## Async shell sessions
 
 Copilot CLI supports persistent async shell sessions, which have no direct Claude Code equivalent:
diff --git a/codex/skills/using-superpowers/references/gemini-tools.md b/codex/skills/using-superpowers/references/gemini-tools.md
index f869803..91ef404 100644
--- a/codex/skills/using-superpowers/references/gemini-tools.md
+++ b/codex/skills/using-superpowers/references/gemini-tools.md
@@ -14,11 +14,29 @@ Skills use Claude Code tool names. When you encounter these in a skill, use your
 | `Skill` tool (invoke a skill) | `activate_skill` |
 | `WebSearch` | `google_web_search` |
 | `WebFetch` | `web_fetch` |
-| `Task` tool (dispatch subagent) | No equivalent — Gemini CLI does not support subagents |
+| `Task` tool (dispatch subagent) | `@agent-name` (see [Subagent support](#subagent-support)) |
 
-## No subagent support
+## Subagent support
 
-Gemini CLI has no equivalent to Claude Code's `Task` tool. Skills that rely on subagent dispatch (`subagent-driven-development`, `dispatching-parallel-agents`) will fall back to single-session execution via `executing-plans`.
+Gemini CLI supports subagents natively via the `@` syntax. Use the built-in `@generalist` agent to dispatch any task — it has access to all tools and follows the prompt you provide.
+
+When a skill says to dispatch a named agent type, use `@generalist` with the full prompt from the skill's prompt template:
+
+| Skill instruction | Gemini CLI equivalent |
+|-------------------|----------------------|
+| `Task tool (superpowers:implementer)` | `@generalist` with the filled `implementer-prompt.md` template |
+| `Task tool (superpowers:spec-reviewer)` | `@generalist` with the filled `spec-reviewer-prompt.md` template |
+| `Task tool (superpowers:code-reviewer)` | `@code-reviewer` (bundled agent) or `@generalist` with the filled review prompt |
+| `Task tool (superpowers:code-quality-reviewer)` | `@generalist` with the filled `code-quality-reviewer-prompt.md` template |
+| `Task tool (general-purpose)` with inline prompt | `@generalist` with your inline prompt |
+
+### Prompt filling
+
+Skills provide prompt templates with placeholders like `{WHAT_WAS_IMPLEMENTED}` or `[FULL TEXT of task]`. Fill all placeholders and pass the complete prompt as the message to `@generalist`. The prompt template itself contains the agent's role, review criteria, and expected output format — `@generalist` will follow it.
+
+### Parallel dispatch
+
+Gemini CLI supports parallel subagent dispatch. When a skill asks you to dispatch multiple independent subagent tasks in parallel, request all of those `@generalist` or named subagent tasks together in the same prompt. Keep dependent tasks sequential, but do not serialize independent subagent tasks just to preserve a simpler history.
 
 ## Additional Gemini CLI tools
 
diff --git a/codex/skills/writing-plans/SKILL.md b/codex/skills/writing-plans/SKILL.md
index 0d9c00b..847412e 100644
--- a/codex/skills/writing-plans/SKILL.md
+++ b/codex/skills/writing-plans/SKILL.md
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Assume they are a skilled developer, but know almost nothing about our toolset o
 
 **Announce at start:** "I'm using the writing-plans skill to create the implementation plan."
 
-**Context:** This should be run in a dedicated worktree (created by brainstorming skill).
+**Context:** If working in an isolated worktree, it should have been created via the `superpowers:using-git-worktrees` skill at execution time.
 
 **Save plans to:** `docs/superpowers/plans/YYYY-MM-DD-<feature-name>.md`
 - (User preferences for plan location override this default)