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Source Hierarchy
Authority evaluation and cross-referencing guidelines for technical research.
Authority Hierarchy
Sources ranked by authority for technical research:
| Rank | Source Type | Use For | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Official Documentation | API refs, canonical behavior, setup | 90-100% |
| 2 | Standards Bodies | RFCs, W3C, IEEE, ISO specs | 90-100% |
| 3 | Benchmark Studies | Performance comparisons, metrics | 70-90% |
| 4 | Case Studies | Real-world implementations, lessons | 60-80% |
| 5 | Community Consensus | Adoption patterns, common practices | 50-70% |
Source Types Explained
Official Documentation
Created and maintained by project authors.
Examples:
- React docs at reactjs.org
- TypeScript Handbook
- AWS service documentation
- Framework migration guides
Trust for:
- API signatures and parameters
- Configuration options
- Breaking changes
- Official recommendations
Verify:
- Documentation version matches user's version
- Content is current (check update dates)
Standards Bodies
Formal specifications from standards organizations.
Examples:
- IETF RFCs (HTTP, TLS, etc.)
- W3C specifications (HTML, CSS, WebAPI)
- ECMA standards (JavaScript/ECMAScript)
- ISO standards
Trust for:
- Protocol specifications
- Language semantics
- Compliance requirements
- Interoperability guarantees
Note: Standards may describe ideal behavior; implementations may vary.
Benchmark Studies
Comparative performance analysis.
Examples:
- TechEmpower web framework benchmarks
- Browser performance comparisons
- Database benchmarking suites
- Independent performance tests
Trust for:
- Relative performance comparisons
- Throughput/latency metrics
- Memory usage patterns
- Scalability characteristics
Verify:
- Benchmark methodology is sound
- Test conditions match user's scenario
- Results are recent (performance changes with versions)
Case Studies
Real-world implementation experiences.
Examples:
- Engineering blog posts from known companies
- Conference talks with implementation details
- Published post-mortems
- Migration stories
Trust for:
- Practical challenges and solutions
- Scale considerations
- Team/organizational factors
- Production gotchas
Note: Context matters - their constraints may differ from yours.
Community Consensus
Aggregated community experience.
Examples:
- Stack Overflow voting patterns
- GitHub stars/usage statistics
- Survey results (State of JS, etc.)
- Reddit/HN discussion trends
Trust for:
- Popularity indicators
- Common pain points
- Ecosystem health signals
- Developer experience trends
Verify: Community consensus can be wrong; cross-reference with higher-authority sources.
Cross-Referencing Requirements
Critical Claims
Require 2+ independent sources for:
- Security recommendations
- Breaking changes
- Performance claims
- Migration paths
- Best practices
Verification Strategy
Primary source → Secondary verification → Empirical test (if feasible)
- Start with highest-authority source
- Find independent confirmation
- Test directly when possible
Conflict Resolution
When sources disagree:
| Factor | Resolution |
|---|---|
| Recency | Newer usually supersedes |
| Authority | Higher-ranked source wins |
| Context | Both may be right for different scenarios |
| Verification | Empirical test is authoritative |
Document unresolved conflicts with uncertainty flag.
Query-Type Authority Mapping
| Query Type | Primary Source | Secondary | Tertiary |
|---|---|---|---|
| API Reference | Official docs | GitHub issues | Community Q&A |
| Best Practices | Expert guides | Case studies | Community consensus |
| Troubleshooting | GitHub issues | Stack Overflow | Official troubleshooting |
| Performance | Benchmarks | Case studies | Community reports |
| Security | Official advisories | Security researchers | Community discussion |
Freshness Requirements
| Content Type | Acceptable Age |
|---|---|
| API reference | Current version |
| Security advisories | Last 30 days |
| Best practices | Last 1-2 years |
| Tutorials | Last 1 year |
| Benchmarks | Last 6 months |
Older content may still be valid but requires verification against current state.