231 lines
3.8 KiB
Markdown
231 lines
3.8 KiB
Markdown
# TSL 高级特性
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> 本文档是 `$tsl-guide` 的子文档，覆盖模块/对象/扩展语法与新一代特性。
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> 详细规则以 `docs/tsl/syntax_book/` 为准。
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## 目录
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- [Unit/命名空间/函数文件](#unit命名空间函数文件)
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- [Class/Object 模型](#classobject-模型)
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- [扩展语法：矩阵/集合/过滤](#扩展语法矩阵集合过滤)
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- [TS-SQL（select/insert/update/delete）](#ts-sqlselectinsertupdatedelete)
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- [运行时与性能语法要点](#运行时与性能语法要点)
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- [新一代语法概览](#新一代语法概览)
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---
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## Unit/命名空间/函数文件
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### Unit 基本结构
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```tsl
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Unit Demo_Unit;
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interface
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var Ua,Ub;
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const CS = 888;
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function AddV();
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implementation
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var Uc;
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function AddV();
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begin
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Ua += 10;
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Uc += 1;
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end;
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initialization
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Ua := 100;
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Ub := "Tinysoft Unit";
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Uc := 1;
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finalization
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echo "Demo_Unit End.";
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end.
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```
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### uses 与调用优先级
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```tsl
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uses Demo_Unit;
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// 直接调用（按 uses 优先级解析）
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AddV();
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// 指定单元调用
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Unit(Demo_Unit).AddV();
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CALL("Demo_Unit.AddV");
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```
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### 函数文件（TSF）与命名空间
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- `.tsf` 文件可存放 function/class/unit（函数库目录 `funcext`）
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- 命名空间：
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```tsl
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NameSpace "ProjectA";
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SomeFunction();
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```
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如需固定命名空间，可在 `tsl.Conf` 配置 `Namespace=...`（详见 `04_modules_and_namespace.md`）。
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---
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## Class/Object 模型
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### 类定义与继承
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```tsl
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Type Base = Class
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function Speak(); virtual;
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end;
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Type Child = Class(Base)
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function Speak(); override;
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end;
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```
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### 构造函数与析构函数
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```tsl
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Type User = Class
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user_id;
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user_name;
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function Create(id,name); overload;
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Begin
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user_id := id;
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user_name := name;
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End;
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function Destroy();
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Begin
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// 清理资源
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End;
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end;
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```
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### 属性（Property）
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```tsl
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Type Account = Class
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_id;
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function getId();
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function setId(v);
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property Id read _id write setId;
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end;
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```
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### 创建对象
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```tsl
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Obj := CreateObject("User", 1, "Alice");
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Obj2 := New User(2, "Bob");
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```
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更多：`Self`、`FindClass`、`ClassInfo`、`operator` 重载等见 `05_object_model.md`。
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---
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## 扩展语法：矩阵/集合/过滤
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### 矩阵初始化与访问
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```tsl
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M1 := zeros(10); // 一维数组
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M2 := zeros(10,10); // 二维矩阵
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M3 := rand(5,3); // 随机矩阵
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M4 := eye(3); // 单位矩阵
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Seq := 1->10; // 数列数组
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```
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```tsl
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// 子矩阵与索引
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Rows := MRows(M2,1);
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Cols := MCols(M2,1);
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Sub := M2[array(1,3), array(0,2)];
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Col0 := M2[:,0];
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```
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### 矩阵查找
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```tsl
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A := Rand(10,10);
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B := MFind(A, MCell>0.9);
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```
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### 集合运算
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```tsl
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A := array((1,2),(3,4));
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B := array((1,2),(5,6));
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C := A Union2 B;
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D := A Intersect B;
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E := A Minus B;
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```
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### 结果集过滤
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```tsl
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R1 := FilterIn(R, CodeArr, "Code");
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Idx := FilterNotIn(R, CodeArr, "Code", false);
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Sub := R[Idx, array("Code","V1")];
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```
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更多细节见 `06_extended_syntax.md`。
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---
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## TS-SQL（select/insert/update/delete）
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```tsl
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T := zeros(10, array("A","B"));
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T[:,"A"] := 1->10;
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V1 := select ["A"] from T end;
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V2 := sselect ["A"] from T end;
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V3 := vselect sumof(["A"]) from T end;
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V4 := mselect * from T end;
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update T set ["A"] = 100 where ["B"] = 4 end;
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delete from T where ["A"] = 0 end;
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insert into T insertfields(["A"],["B"]) values(1,2);
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```
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TS-SQL 语法细节与高级用法见 `06_extended_syntax.md`。
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---
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## 运行时与性能语法要点
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### 网格计算操作符 `#`
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```tsl
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R[i] := #CalcStock(B[i]) with array(pn_stock():B[i]) timeout 3000;
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```
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### 全局缓存
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详见 `07_debug_and_profiler.md` 中的全局缓存管理与相关函数。
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---
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## 新一代语法概览
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### 复数
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```tsl
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Z := 4+3j;
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Z2 := complex(4,3);
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```
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### WeakRef 与算符重载
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新一代语言支持 WeakRef 与对象算符重载，详见 `08_new_generation.md` 与 `05_object_model.md`。
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