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tsl-devkit/docs/tsl/syntax/26_matrix_deep_dive.md
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csh 3d83740f88 Squashed 'docs/standards/playbook/' changes from c3f8137..25d895d
25d895d 🐛 fix(gitea_workflow): clean up temp repos after job steps
2bc3b11 🐛 fix(gitea_workflow): clean up temporary repo dirs in workflows
98c3f30 📝 docs(agent_rules): allow plan execution on current branch
16c7230 📝 docs(prompts): define custom verify layering
8efc4dd 🐛 fix(skills): quote commit-message description
bc8498f 🐛 fix(ci): install tomli for gitea tests
55cda3b 🐛 fix(tests): report missing toml parser clearly
c0729c7 🐛 fix(playbook): import Optional for cli compatibility
63e24bf 📦 deps(skills): sync thirdparty skills
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e0b1c3a ♻️ refactor(skills): standardize first-party skill contracts
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234b335  feat(workflow): add superpowers planning and execution state tracking
c1702a6 📝 docs(markdown): format tracked markdown and drop stale templates
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d64b248 📝 docs: fix README.md inaccuracies and add Claude Code info
c8d6bf2 🐛 fix(playbook): use relative paths in CLAUDE.md when not at project root
6518f0f  feat(playbook): auto-create CLAUDE.md with path discovery
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9f8b6b5 📝 docs: update README and config example for Claude Code support
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452c6f5  feat(playbook): auto-inject AGENTS.md into CLAUDE.md
e1dbf3c 🐛 fix(skills): remove dual-path from commit-message skill
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b3df412 ♻️ refactor(skills): separate thirdparty skills into thirdparty/ subdirectory
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Matrix Deep Dive

文档类型:语法主线 是否可直接用于生成代码:是 是否含已验证可执行示例:是 是否含已验证反例:是 遇到不确定时跳转到:13_matrix_and_collections.md27_fmarray.md25_set_operations.md

手册位置:第 26 篇,共 32 篇。上一篇:25_set_operations.md。下一篇:27_fmarray.md

这一篇开始讲真正的矩阵语法主干:矩阵初始化、数列构造,以及怎样读取矩阵的行列大小和索引。它和 13_matrix_and_collections.md 的分工是:13 只讲数组与矩阵样数据,这一篇开始讲矩阵专用构造与大小接口。

这一篇解决什么问题

回答“怎样直接构造全零矩阵、全一矩阵、随机矩阵、单位矩阵、空矩阵和数列数组,以及怎样拿到矩阵的行数、列数、行索引和列索引”。

必须记住的规则

  • Zeros(...)Ones(...)Rand(...)Nils(...)Eye(...) 都可以直接用于矩阵初始化。
  • Zeros(3)Ones(3)Nils(2) 这类单参数写法可以直接生成一维结果。
  • Zeros(2, 3)Rand(2, 3) 这类双参数写法可以直接生成二维矩阵。
  • Zeros(2, array("A", "B")) 这种写法可以直接生成带列名的二维结果。
  • Eye(3) 生成的是 3 x 3 单位矩阵,不是一维数组。
  • -> 用来生成数列;默认步长是 1,也可以显式传入步长和索引数组。
  • MSize(A) 返回 array(行数, 列数)
  • MSize(A, 1) 返回行索引数组和列索引数组。
  • MRows(A) / MCols(A) 默认返回数量;第二个参数写成 1 时返回索引数组。

已验证语法

矩阵初始化

代码块身份:已验证可执行示例

program test;
begin
    Z1 := Zeros(3);
    Z2 := Zeros(2, 3);
    O1 := Ones(3);
    N1 := Nils(2);
    E1 := Eye(3);
    R1 := Rand(2, 3);
    T1 := Zeros(2, array("A", "B"));
end.

已验证运行结果:

  • Zeros(3) 的长度是 3,前三个元素依次是 000
  • Zeros(2, 3) 的行数是 2、列数是 3,第一行前三个元素是 000
  • Ones(3) 的前三个元素依次是 111
  • Nils(2) 已验证可直接生成长度为 2 的结果
  • Eye(3) 的行数是 3、列数是 3,并且 (0,0)(1,1)(2,2)1(0,1)(1,0)0
  • Rand(2, 3) 的行数是 2、列数是 3
  • Zeros(2, array("A", "B")) 的行数是 2、列数是 2,并且 T1[0]["A"]T1[0]["B"]T1[1]["A"]T1[1]["B"] 都是 0

-> 数列数组初始化

默认步长为 1

代码块身份:已验证可执行示例

program test;
begin
    S1 := 1 -> 5;
end.

已验证运行结果:

  • S1array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

显式指定步长:

代码块身份:已验证可执行示例

program test;
begin
    S2 := array(2.5, 0.5) -> 5;
end.

已验证运行结果:

  • S2 的长度是 6
  • 六个元素依次是 2.533.544.55

显式指定索引数组:

代码块身份:已验证可执行示例

program test;
begin
    S3 := array(0, 1, array("A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F")) -> 5;
end.

已验证运行结果:

  • S3 的长度是 6
  • S3["A"]S3["F"] 依次是 012345

MSizeMRowsMCols

代码块身份:已验证可执行示例

program test;
begin
    A := array(
        ("A": 1, "B": 2),
        ("A": 11, "B": 22),
        ("A": 21, "B": 32)
    );
    SizeInfo := MSize(A);
    SizeIndex := MSize(A, 1);
    RowCount := MRows(A);
    RowIndex := MRows(A, 1);
    ColCount := MCols(A);
    ColIndex := MCols(A, 1);
end.

已验证运行结果:

  • MSize(A) 返回 array(3, 2)
  • MSize(A, 1) 的第一项是 array(0, 1, 2),第二项是 array("A", "B")
  • MRows(A) 返回 3
  • MRows(A, 1) 返回 array(0, 1, 2)
  • MCols(A) 返回 2
  • MCols(A, 1) 返回 array("A", "B")

最小可编译示例

如果你只想先记住最短矩阵构造,从这个开始:

代码块身份:已验证可执行示例

M := Zeros(2, 3);

常见误写

  • Eye(3) 当成一维数组。
  • 以为 MRows(A, 1)MCols(A, 1) 返回的还是数量。
  • 写带步长的 -> 时,漏掉外层 array(...)
  • 还在普通数组页里硬塞矩阵专用大小接口。

代码块身份:反例 / 不可照写

S := 2.5, 0.5 -> 5;

上面这种写法不对。显式步长模式需要写成 array(2.5, 0.5) -> 5

代码块身份:反例 / 不可照写

Cols := MCols(A, 1);

不要把上面这一句的返回值当成数字 2。当前解释器下,MCols(A, 1) 返回的是列索引数组,例如 array("A", "B")

跳转指引